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Günther von Schwarzburg (opera)
''Günther von Schwarzburg'' is a Singspiel in three acts by Ignaz Holzbauer set to a German libretto by Anton Klein. Loosely based on events in the life of the 14th-century German king, Günther von Schwarzburg, the opera premiered on 5 January 1777 at the Hoftheater in the Mannheim Palace.
==Background==
Holzbauer's librettist, Anton Klein, a former Jesuit who taught philosophy and literature at Mannheim University, was a strong advocate for the use of German and set about writing a libretto comparable to those written for Italian opera seria. The writing was also influenced by contemporary Sturm und Drang literature. However the colourful music was praised unanimously whereas the drama divided its critics into those who exalted it and its strongly patriotic message, and those who thought that it lacked literary quality. Mozart attended a performance on 5 November 1777 and in a letter to his father on 14 November 1777, he praised the music but scorned the libretto:
Holzbauer′s music is very beautiful, but the poetry is not worthy of such music. What surprises me the most is, that so old a man as Holzbauer (years ) should still have so much spirit, for the opera is incredibly full of fire.〔Mozart (1866) p. 122. Original German: ″die Musick von Holzbauer ist sehr schön, die Poesie ist nicht werth einer solchen Musick. am meisten wundert mich, daß ein alter Mann, wie Holzbauer (66 Jahre), noch so viel geist hat; denn das ist nicht zu glauben was in der Musick für Feuer ist.″〕
''Günther von Schwarzburg'' was the first full German opera score to come off a printing press. The beautifully engraved edition was published by the Mannheim firm of Johann Michael Götz with a dedication to Karl Theodor: ″the most illustrious patron of music under whose august protection the Palatinate Theatre has first praised a German hero.″〔quoted in Abert, Hermann (2007) p. 391. Original German: ″Karl Theodor − Dem Durchlauchtigsten Gönner der Tonkunst − Unter dessen erhabenem Schutze die Pfälzische Bühne zum erstenmal einen deutschen Helden besang, (diese Werck mit dem höchsten Beyfall gekrönet zum Denkmal der Treue, des Dankes, und der Lieber, Sein erster Kapellmeister − Holzbauer )″ (Score, p. XVIIIc ), Bavarian State Library〕
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